Control system.



C. T. HENDERSON.

CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION, FILED JULY 3.191s.

1,252,902. Patented Jan. 8,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- E 11 I i I 14F u INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY C. T. HENDERSON.

v CONTROL SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED JULY 3. I916.

1,252,902. Patented Jan. 8,1918.

2 $HEETS-SHEET 2. L

ON 24 or 28 I 120 L f a r I 7 f 21 S f l: HI V\M 10 10 a \ML I INVENTOR.

u nu no A TTORNE V rniplo cise, and exam" description,

,totlie ,roust vary with the. square of the speed.

To (:53 ac/zone. it may concern:

Tie it known that I. (LARK T. llnxmznson, a citizen of the iuited States. residing at is'lihvaultve. in The county of li'iilwaukee and Fitnte of \Viscousin. have invented new and useful Improvements in (,ontrol Systems, of which the following is a full, clear, conreference being; had. to the accompanying drawing, forming r. part oi? this specification.

This invention relates to control systems, and more partirnlzwly to brz1l ing s .'stems, for printing pres s and other machines having: a high inertia.

' now a \omlrucy to build printin pro. 1 and other machines for opernon! at ecmsiderable higher speeds than in the prs-E, and the b ah'ingineans heretofore are proving inadcipiate. Such have usually been braced dynamicall machines: are. driven at ihe speeds new conltllll'Jlllijtli, a dynamic brake is'unsaizisfaetor v, among other reasons, because the same, "when adfustedyfor lhu desired pnck stopping imposes very heavy braking stralns nnthe driving gears and sub1ccts the controlled numhine and gears to severe shocks upon the taking up of bank lash in the latter. Also, in some instances friction brakes have been. employed for such machines: but the former have only provided for a substantially constant braking cll'eet whereas such'inachincs when driven at the. speeds now contemplated are subject to such a wu.lc variation in kinetic energy as to require a graduated braking eifect subshmliially pro portional to the kinetic energy to insure the :4 ircd quick and smooth stopping thereof. as l he iiinetirv energy is proportional square of the speed, the braking efi'cet The present invention has among its objccts to provide a brakingcysizem for such machines which will produce a braking effect variable with the lcipotic energy of the machine and at the same time climinulhe aforesaid shocks and strains.

A further object is to provide a braking system for producing through the. medium of friction brakes, a dislxn muted braking effect approximatelv pro ortional to, the kinetic energy of the. nuiciine, such brakes being particularly adapted for clistrilnlled l1 raking.

MMETEL MFG. 60., OF MILVI'AUKEE, WISCONSIN,

Gpeciicatlon of Letters Iatent.

- vention \vil heir driving Jl'iUlOl'S, but when such rarnnrorrron MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR. TO THE CUTLER- A CORPORATION OF WIS- CONTROL SYSTEM.

Patented Jan. 8, 1918.

A plication filed July 3, 1916. Serial No. 107,298.

A still further object is to provide a braklug, system for printing presses and like mechmcs including braking mcans'for the sup ply roll or rolls.

Other obects and advantages of the inl hereinafter appear.

The accompanying drawing schematically illustrates certain embodiments of them vention which will now be describech it being understood that those embodiments illustrated are susceptible of various modifications without departure from the scope of the accompanying claims.

In the drmving,

. Figure 1 iso schematic view of a sextuplc printing press and certain braking instrumentalitics Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a different form of press and alternative braking in stru menlalitics;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view, partially in section, of a. braking instrumentulity of Fifnfl; I I

l ig. el is a diagrammatic view of a controller applicable to both presses illustrated, and,

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a modification of the. controller shown in Fig. 4.

Referring to the press shown in Fig. 1, the same comprises six printim couplets 1 to G inclusive arranged vertically in pairs an'doach pair supplied with web from a. roll W. The couplels a re moreover arran ed in an oll'scl; relation whereby the c lin ers a of the, lower couplets alinc vcrticnlly'with the cylinder 1) of the upper couplets and such cylinders are subjected to a double motor drive M. The motor drive includes a small motor S for slovv speed and a large motor L for higher speeds, said motors being govcrnable by the controller shown in Fig. I} for starting and regulating the press to maximum speed.

It will thus be apparent that the several couplets. hich are. necessarily heavy, constitute the approximate centers of inertia of the press and in accordance with the blaldn scheme hereinafter set forth the severe .nnd ronurrlions hvtneeu energy them-h shunting the driving gears said parts and the motor drinaml vliminatipg-tlw etlvrts of hark lash.

l'izu-h hralw 5' of Fig. l is nt' ronrrntiunal merhaniral ronslrlu-liun and is provided with .-'[H'i|| 1. itlill tl release (hereof while provided with a torque motor It] for applyin; the same through suitahle ronnertions surh a illustraiml. .\|ul lirl'e it, may be noted that \luuuilors in are of the series l Y| l and ot' a iii-sign so proporlionml that llll'il' turipu- \rill lN' appi-nxiuiatrir proportional in illl' squariof tin run-rent supplied llH'l'lltI.

Fig 2 iliustnitrs :llitl'lmliH hraliing: instrumrmalitir romprising vii-rtromerhaur mil lu'nlu-s ll. l llitllll'fi shown it! this lignrr i of tin drrk IIYINK \\ilh rouphts HI sols oi r-mph-ls IL. lit amt It arranged one alum nllnl her and our eyiimh'r nl' rat-h vouplet provided with :1 hrakr ll mounted upon the shaft llurrnl'. 'l hu l ra u ll tll'l (mil in! llw ('l llt'll t'llllfiil'lll'lilill ilisrinsvil in lll ('Il-|H'lllllllf :|[i])iiv:liinli. Serial No. Tl-ITllih-ll l' vli. l. lt l l. non \rvll l\'liu\\'|l. and ln'irlly tl(. 't'lillt(| i'zu'h voinprist' a stationary llll l mrmhvr ll" having airem-rgizing winding ll nit-ii a lliaseil al'nmlurtnunnher ll" iixwl to tho t' \'lill lll' Hllilfl. 'llulivid nu'miwr is so ronslrlu'ti-(l as [n maintain a fixed minimum gap lwlni'tn the two mumhorsn'hrn altrarlrd and in ronsrquruer llle' hl'akv will .proihu-r through n wide range of rurrrnt variati ns a hralcinf: vllert approxi- .'nn('(-| r proportional to the sqltzlru oithe rurrent supplied llnl't'lu. with a resultant rhal'iuiterislhsimilar to the ln'alu's of l 1,1. 1.

In addition to tlu foregoing lit-airing menus are alm provided for the well rolls. .snrh means heinr; illustrated only in l ig. 1

although applimhle as well to the press shown in Fig. 2. .\s shown in Fig. 1 each n'vh roll is mounted upon two rollers 15 and 10 suitnhly umnvuted as lay a hell. fol-joint peration and the formerhariug an adjuslahlu braking derive [7. Thus as the web roll' is revolved in unwinding: it \\ill on rount'er a drag in the hrakrd roller 15 whereby the. web n'ithdrann therefrom will he plat-ed under a tension which 'may he regulated li y the adjuslmmit. ot the device 17. ()n the other hand. these rollers 15 and "llti \rl'iinh are normally :Froo to revolve inde- 'iemhintir of the pressare provided with driving (itlllttfl't it'mfi =18 including an electro maguetir ('ll|i(!ll- '18 to establish. n drive therefor from one of its respective couplets. :mangeineut'is such that the roller 16. when so dri\-'e-n,- iee'ds the. web a't, a. iinear speed bearing-a definite relation to;'the"pje- "l of the "pross 'eylnid-ors and j of lllt press without webs and said rollers when so driven will nmilillain the predetermined relation between the i ripheral speed of the press cylinders.

'Ilucontroller illustrated in Fig. 4, is, as stated. applirhnle to the etpiipments illuspntting strain upon the I near Speed oi? the web and the pelrated in both of Figs. 1 an! and provides,

lure a. a series field winding fland a shunt litlll \i'lll lillg f and the controller is proriih-d with separate electro-ma etie switrhi-s it) and 21 to control the continuityof rirruit of said motors. The controller is l'urtIu-r provided with a rheostat R of the cross head type for controlling armature resistant-rs r and field resistances-r for the large motor TI.- This rheostift descends by gravity to progresnvely cut out the arniature resistant-es and insertthe field resist anres to :u-releratc the large motoran'd is adapted to be raised by a solenoid 22 to deri-lerate said motor. The small motor is pro.- \idrd only for starting and for slow speed (ilitlililOll at the press and the controller is =u- -ordiu; l r not. provided with speed regulatin; means therefor. vTho operation of the main switches and (if-tho rheostnt is controlled hr a push button station through a' number of rlectro-responsive relays, and the rhrostat. is provider] with an auxiliary eojntaet. mrmln-r 23 cooperating with a number of contacts to subject the main switches of the two motors to control thereby The push button stat-ion. includes an fon" Y iii- 'arrelerales the large motor as almi'e-.' c'le-,'

serihed and said-crosshead;is-adapttulito Q' zat'ion ofthe aiiomi solenoid 22 to return the rheostat cross head to initial position. The push button station also includes an off switch 28 to energize relay 27 for return of the cross head to any predetermined position and with a stop switch 29 adapted to energize a relay Ell.) to in turn de'e'nergize rela Y 26, with the result above described. ther control switches are also provided but it is unnecesswitcl'ies and 34c responsive to overloads in the circuits of motors S and L respectively and responsive to dei nergize the main relay 36 to thereby effect deiinergization of both motor switches as above described. Also, the auton'iatic means includes a socalled paper break switch which upon operation energizes the stop relay which, as above stated. also efi'ects deencrgization oi the main relay 26. Cutting off power and braking upon unexpected contingencies is as essential as braking at will and it is to be noted that the automatic devices described will operate automatically to care for the contingency of web breakage or overload.

Referring now to the braking instrumentalities, the series brake motors 10 of Fi 1 are shown in full. lines while the windings 11. of the alternative brake of Fig. 2 are shown in dotted lines and the controller is designed to connect said windings across the armature terminals of the large motor. This is accomplished by down contacts of switch 20 and it will be observed that with the windings so connected they will be sub jected to the potential generated by the large motor when its armature is disconnccted from circuit and overhauled by the press. Accordingly the brake applying means whether of the torque motor orflelectromagnet type will be subjected to a potential approximately proportional to the speed of the press. The current take will be proportional to the applied potential and as above stated either type of brake will produce braking eiii'cct approximately proporti min]. to the square of the current taken. On the other hand, the kinetic energy of the press is proportional to the square of the speed thereof. Therefore it will be observed that the windings 10 or 11 will apply their respective brakes with an intensity ap- 'oximately proportional to the kinetic ei'iergy of the parts to be braked and in so doing will insure an initial braking effect commensurate to the kinetic energy of the press irrespective of its s eed. Moreover, with the brakin efi'ect distributed as described. the initial brakingshocks and strains will be reduced to a minimum and by reason of the established. relation between the brakes and the inertia of the press a gradual but positive slow down is insured, a high mean braking effect being maintained throughout the period of slow down.

With the motor subjected to field regulation as described, means are preferably provided toinsure full field strength of the motor during braking period. To this end, the main switch 20 of the large motor is pro vided with an auxiliary contact 36 adapted upon deenergization of said switch to bridge contacts 37 and 38 to short circuit all field resistance. Thus whenever the press is to be braked the shunt field winding of the large motor is insured a connection directly across the line for maximum strength which makes the/potential generated by the motor L proportional to the press speed.

Referring now to the clutch windings 18 of the braking mechanism for the web rolls, the same are shown as connected in series and to be energized by connection across the line. The windings are permanently connected to the left hand side of the line and connection to the other side of the line is afliorded by the. auxiliary contact 36 of the large motor switch of contacts 39 a l 38. The latter contact is connected to the right hand side of the line while the latter is connected tothc windings 18". Thus windings 18* are insured energization immediately upon disconnection of the large motor from circuit with the result of establishing the press drive for the rollers 15 and 16 substantially simultaneously with the establishment ofbraking connections. Obviously, therefore, with the excess speed provided for the web rolls by the driving connections, said connections may be established without strain on the moving web. Then when the drives are established the rolls will be subjected to the same smooth braking action as the press with an ample provision for slack to insure against breakage of the web.

When the press is finally brought to rest the brakes will inherently release, leaving the press free for restarting. The braking connections including the connections for winding 18" will remain closed but as will be observed all of such connections will be interrupted by the switch 20 upon rcspondplaced in the armature circuit of the generator similarly to the arrangement thereof in 20 through the bridging the armature loopof motor L and switch 20 1s arranged to complete and interrupt the armature circuit ofthe generator by down contacts just as it completes and interrupts the armature loop in Fig. 4.' Also, switch 20 controls windings 18 just as described whereby except .for the. substitution of the generator for the motor L inthe supply of power to the, brake Winding the system will functionas already explained. And'since the motor'L'is not required for braking purposes the field means therefor may be omitted, j 1

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters .Patent is: I

1. In a braking system'formachines having a high inertia, in combination, a friction brake for the machine and power means for applying said brake with a arying effect approximately proportional to the. kinetic energy of them-achine. v 4 v- 7 2; In a braking systemformachines having a highjnertia', in c,ombination, fiqplllrality of brake.,s for parts of the machine alo catcd atapproximate centers of inerti.a, "and means-forapplying-said[brakes with a vary 3e tin-mechanical brake for the Inachineadapt- "ing cfi'ect approximately proportional to kinetic energyjof thegbrakedparts, In a brakingisystem' for machines ham ing a 'high inertia, in combination, an elec i edto produce a" Varying braking eflect apa .proximatelyfproportionalfto the square; of j e the currentfi supplied-thereto and means for;

; supplying current to said-brake whereby its .hrakii'ig {efi'e'ctwill Yary in approximate .p ro "fipoi'tioni with I the kinetic energy of th'e ma- 1- Chi11. I Y I -a.ait"taking attainment hm;

strengthening ing a high inertia, incombination, av pluralltyof electro-mechanical brakes for parts of the machine located at approximate c enters ofinertia, each of said brakes producing inertia and atdynamo-ele'ctric machine to supply-current to said brakes, said dynamoelectric machine to bedriven by the braked machinexand said brakes being responsive to the-current thereby supplied to efieetfgrad ua ed braking in approximate proportion in the kinetic energy of the braked parts.

6. In a braking system for motor driven .machineshaving a high inertia, in comhina tion, a driving motor forthe machine, a plurality of electro-responsive brakes for parts of the machine located at apppoximate centers offinertia, said rakes belng fu'nctionallyrespon'sive in approximate proportion to the square of the'current supplied thereto and means for subjecting-said brakes to the potential. generated by 1 said motor' 'when drivenby said machine, said motorwirhen so driven; beingadapted to .supply'f-said brakes with aicurrent insuringa braking efl'ectap proximately proportional-to the kinetic en E .ergy' ofsai'd machiney In witness) whereof, I have hereunto-sub emmamammary 

